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Soil carbon storage and accessibility drive microbial carbon use

Intercropping is a powerful practice to alter the allocation of photosynthetic carbon (C) to belowground ecosystems via promotion of diversified plant communities. The feedback of soil C stability to intercropping is controlled by microbial C use efficiency (CUE). Despite its significance, there is currently insufficient evidence to decipher how soil microbial

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Aerobic vs. Anaerobic Respiration

Anaerobic respiration is less energy-efficient but allows survival in habitats that lack oxygen. Within the human body, both aerobic and anaerobic respiration are important to muscle function. Muscle cells specialized for aerobic respiration provide endurance and those specialized for lactic acid fermentation support short but intense energy

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Seasonal dynamics of soil microbial growth, respiration, biomass,

Microbial respiration and growth and consequently CUE are dependent on numerous factors influencing microbial life in soil. Microbial respiration, which has been extensively studied in different soil systems has been shown to increase with short-term increasing temperature (Lloyd and Taylor, 1994, Fierer et al., 2006), water content (Davidson

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Efficient and flexible thermal-integrated pumped thermal energy storage

Thermal-integrated pumped thermal electricity storage (TI-PTES) could realize efficient energy storage for fluctuating and intermittent renewable energy. However, the boundary conditions of TI-PTES may frequently change with the variation of times and seasons, which causes a tremendous deterioration to the operating performance. To realize efficient and

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Respiration, Energy Storage, and Pro-/Antioxidant Metabolism in

Abstract Data on the energy status and activity of pro-/antioxidant metabolism during photomorphogenesis of the rhizome apex of Achillea millefolium L. were obtained. At the photophobic stage of development, etiolated rhizome apices were characterized by increased respiration intensity and energy storage rate: the share of energetically efficient cytochrome

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8.7: Energy yield by complete oxidation of glucose

If 7.4 kcal of energy is conserved per mole of ATP produced, the energy conserved in the anaerobic catabolism of glucose to two molecules of lactate (or ethanol) is as follows: 2× [7.4kcal / 670kcal] ×100 = 2.2 % . Thus anaerobic cells extract only a very small fraction of the total energy of the glucose molecule by glycolysis.

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Energy use efficiency of root growth – a theoretical bioenergetics

Conceptual overview illustrating relationships between pedoclimatic conditions and energy use efficiency of root growth. High bulk density and flooding decrease soil gas transport capacity, resulting in (i) decreased cellular oxygen concentration (p(O 2)) in the root growth zone and (ii) a shift from aerobic to anaerobic metabolism.Furthermore, high bulk

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Soil microbial carbon use efficiency and the constraints

3 · Background Microbial contributions to soil organic carbon formation have received increasing attention, and microbial carbon use efficiency is positively correlated with soil organic carbon storage. Mainbody This work reviews the impact on microbial carbon use efficiency from six constraints, including plant community composition and diversity, soil pH, substrate quality,

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Energy Storage by Sensible Heat for Buildings | SpringerLink

Where ( {overline{C}}_p ) is the average specific heat of the storage material within the temperature range. Note that constant values of density ρ (kg.m −3) are considered for the majority of storage materials applied in buildings.For packed bed or porous medium used for thermal energy storage, however, the porosity of the material should also be taken into account.

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Calories: Total Macronutrient Intake, Energy Expenditure, and Net

Food energy is used to meet the body''s needs, including protein synthesis; maintenance of body temperature, cardiac output, respiration, and muscle function; and storage and metabolism of food sources of energy. When more energy is consumed than is needed for metabolism and physical activity, the excess is stored, primarily as adipose tissue.

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26.2: Energy Flow through Ecosystems

Assimilation is the biomass (energy content generated per unit area) of the present trophic level after accounting for the energy lost due to incomplete ingestion of food, energy used for respiration, and energy lost as waste. Incomplete ingestion refers to the fact that some consumers eat only a part of their food. For example, when a lion

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7.3: Energy in Living Systems

Energy from ATP. Hydrolysis is the process of breaking complex macromolecules apart. During hydrolysis, water is split, or lysed, and the resulting hydrogen atom (H +) and a hydroxyl group (OH –) are added to the larger molecule.The hydrolysis of ATP produces ADP, together with an inorganic phosphate ion (P i), and the release of free

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Current and possible approaches for improving photosynthetic efficiency

While much has to be done to improve energy efficiency and waste management of agriculture, blocking the escape of CO 2 derived from respiration and photorespiration. Meanwhile, Kebeish and co-workers in seeds of Vicia narbonensis and pea increases storage proteins. Plant Physiol., 137 (2005), pp. 1236-1249. Crossref View in Scopus

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The diversity of substrates for plant respiration and how to

Plant respiration is a foundational biological process with the potential to be optimized to improve crop yield. To understand and manipulate the outputs of respiration, the inputs of respiration—respiratory substrates—need to be probed in detail.

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7.6: ATP Energy Yield Energy Yield of Aerobic Respiration

7.6: ATP Energy Yield Energy Yield of Aerobic Respiration Last updated; Save as PDF Page ID 75144; Boundless; Boundless Clearly, the electron transport chain is vastly more efficient, but it can only be carried out in the presence of oxygen. Figure (PageIndex{1}): Cellular respiration in a eukaryotic cell: Glycolysis on the left portion

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Mitochondrial Respiration and Energy Production Under Some

In plants, mitochondrial respiration supplies energy for biosynthesis, and its equilibrium with photosynthesis determines the accumulation rate of plant biomass. Though the bioenergetics of plant cells is heavily influenced by abiotic tensions, the metabolism of mitochondria under tension is still relatively unknown. This paper reviews (1) how plant

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2.31: Anaerobic and Aerobic Respiration

With oxygen, organisms can break down glucose all the way to carbon dioxide. This releases enough energy to produce up to 38 ATP molecules. Thus, aerobic respiration releases much more energy than anaerobic respiration. The amount of energy produced by aerobic respiration may explain why aerobic organisms came to dominate life on Earth.

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Respiration

The process that these organisms use to extract the energy from their food is through the chemical process of aerobic (with oxygen) respiration, also called cellular respiration. Cellular respiration uses organic molecules from food (for example, the sugar glucose) and oxygen to produce energy that is stored in the molecule adenosine

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Energy storage efficiency in artificial photosynthesis – An

In engineering perspective, energy storage efficiency is a crucial indicator for assessing economic feasibility of artificial photosynthetic energy storage systems, as it determines not only the investment return but also the life cycle of renewable energy. However, few

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About Respiration energy storage efficiency

About Respiration energy storage efficiency

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