Thermal runaway process of energy storage battery

What determines the thermal runaway process of lithium-ion batteries?

Also, it was experimentally proved that three main exothermic reactions determine the thermal runaway process of lithium-ion batteries. The first main exothermic reaction of the thermal runaway is the reaction releasing the electrochemical energy accumulated in the lithium-ion batteries during their charging.

How to avoid thermal runaway in lithium batteries?

Improving the understanding of the working mechanism and principal heat sources of lithium batteries, selecting improved electrode materials, and optimizing the battery system are the main methods for avoiding thermal runaway in lithium batteries. LMBs are widely used in contemporary industry.

What happens during a thermal runaway?

Hence, in the case of the fully charged batteries, necessarily, the first main reaction of the thermal runaway must be an exothermic reaction, as a result of which the electrochemical energy accumulated in the batteries is released (in the form of the heat).

Do batteries need more energy to prevent thermal runaway?

Current trends indicate a preference for higher energy densities and capacities for batteries, which suggests that more effort is required to prevent additional gas formation and the associated increase in the severity of thermal runaway.

What causes thermal runaway in Li-S batteries?

Besides solvent vaporization, thermal features of the sulfur cathode and the Li metal anode (sublimating, melting, and cross-reacting at high temperatures) will also cause rapid thermal runaway inside Li–S batteries. 82 The external factors of Li–S batteries have a direct influence on the safety and performance of Li–S batteries.

Can energy release diagram explain thermal runaway?

A novel energy release diagram, which can quantify the reaction kinetics for all the battery component materials, is proposed to interpret the mechanisms of the chain reactions during thermal runaway. The relationship between the internal short circuit and the thermal runaway is further clarified using the energy release diagram with two cases.